Voltaire s Candide The Enlightenment Principle Of Reason

Within the hundred or so pages of Voltaire’s Candide resides proof of all four values of the Enlightenment: hope, progress, natural law, and reason. Being a man of the enlightenment, it makes sense for Voltaire’s novel to include these values. Using ironic humor and satire, Voltaire managed to say what he needed to say without being directly responsible for having said it. As Candide reads like an adventure story, there is a lot of dialogue between characters. Through these conversations and stories, Voltaire’s Candide shows support for the enlightenment principle of reason (critical, rational thought) with regards to organized religion but shows very little support for the enlightenment principle of progress (change for the better) with regards to female tropes and sexism. Reason, to enlightened thinkers in the eighteenth century, was another way of saying critical, rational thought- to be able to look at something and see its flaws or benefits, or to see how on e thing works in relation to another thing. While Candide includes most enlightenment principles, reason seems to be the base of the story since a reader must have reason to understand the book’s nuances. This essay will partly focus on how Voltaire’s support of reason showed through his mockery of certain aspects of organized religion. One instance of Voltaire supporting reason is when he refered to religious toleration. In Candide, the main character Candide and his footman Cacambo managed to find their way intoShow MoreRelatedVoltaire s View Of Candide1511 Words   |  7 Pages Voltaire s Candide is a satirical work written in 1759 as a commentary during the Enlightenment. One of Voltaire s most famous works, it also functioned to reflect Voltaire s opinions. Candide is considered Voltaire s signature work in which he levels his sharpest criticism against nobility, philosophy, the church, and human cruelty. Though often considered a representative text of the Enlightenment era, the novel criticizes a number of Enlightenment philosophies. As reading and books wereRead MoreThe And Philosophical Movement Of Voltaire s Candide1641 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Age of Reason changed the way people understood and interpreted their thoughts. The Enlightenment advocated for truth, to free the human mind from superstition and religious authoritarianism. People began to reflect on themselves rather than relying on the church. Voltaire was a writer and philosopher, who played an important role by incorporating themes of The Enlightenment into one of his famous novels, â⠂¬Å"Candide† to spread ideas. Themes including religion, and optimism in â€Å"Candide† were usedRead MoreThe Candide : An Era Of Enlightenment Philosopher Essay1355 Words   |  6 PagesFranà §ois-Marie Arouet, also known as Voltaire after his writings exiled him from france, was an Era of Enlightenment philosopher that focused on social oppression, Government corruption, and fanaticism; i.e, optimistic philosophy and religion. Voltaire s writing style was indignantly satirical to the late middle ages system, but despite exile from France because of his writing, he became popular among the masses for his philosophy. Candide, one of Voltaire s more famous works, expresses lack ofRead More Literary Analysis of the Enlightenment Period and Romanticism1461 Words   |  6 Pageswitnessed the birth of the Enlightenment and Romantic Periods. There were similarities as well as very notable differences between the two. There were also two prominent voices that gained notorie ty during each of these two periods. Voltaire is considered to be the pioneer of the power of reason and Rousseau is looked upon as a legendary figure of Nineteenth Century Romanticism. This analysis will evaluate the two eras, both writers and a literary piece. The Enlightenment Era gave way to an age ofRead MoreA Comparative Study Of Voltaire s And Moliere s Views On Religion Essay1598 Words   |  7 PagesA Comparative Study of Voltaire s and Molià ¨re s Views on Religion in Candide and Tartuffe Literary works regularly uncover their creators perspectives on specific social issues. Hypocrite (1669), a play by Molià ¨re, and Candide (1759), a philosophical story by Voltaire, both manage the subject of religion in the public eye. Fraud is a parody on the states of mind of the bourgeoisie toward religion in seventeenth-century France. Molià ¨re immovably puts stock in religious balance and denounces religiousRead MoreVoltaire s Life And Candide s Distribution Essay2281 Words   |  10 Pages As far back as 1759, when Voltaire composed Candide in criticism of the thought, this is the most ideal of all universes; this world has been a gayer put for readers. Voltaire composed it in three days, and five or six eras have found that its laughter does not develop old. A philosophical movement which dominated the world of ideas in Europe in the 18th century. The principal goals of Enlightenment thinkers were liberty, progress, reason, tolerance, and ending the abuses of theRead MoreNegative Effects Of The Enlightenment1356 Words   |  6 PagesThe Enlightenment of the eighteenth century finalized the movement toward contemporaneousness that began with the writers and philosophers of the Renaissance age. The scholars and writers, or philosophes as they were called, of the Enlightenment Age seized these teachings and ideologies and used them to criticize and attack the medieval ruling establishment and to unseat the religious ruling class from their vaulted theological perch. This criticism of the theological sect loosened religions grip

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Essay about Book Review of Ken Keseys One Flew Over the...

English Book Review 1 Title: One flew over the cuckoos nest Author: Ken Kesey Editor, nr. of pages, year published: Published by the Penguin Group, 310 pages, first published in 1962 Summary: The scene is laid in a mental hospital. The narrator is an old Indian, called Chief Bromden, he plays deaf and dumb and he doesnt really take part in the action. The story starts when Randle Patrick McMurphy is admitted to the hospital. McMurphy is no ordinary patient, hes actually a bit too sane to be in a mental hospital. But that doesnt matter to the staff and especially Nurse Ratched, who thinks everyone in the ward should bow to her command. McMurphy is a stubborn man and doesnt feel like doing everything the Big Nurse says.†¦show more content†¦His opinion wont go unheard. †¢nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Miss Ratched: Nurse Ratched, also called the Big Nurse, is a very dominant person. She is very bossy and if she doesnt have total control, she will act out very agressive. †¢nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Chief Bromden: The Chief is a tall Indian man.He plays dumb and deaf, but actually understands everything he wants to. He isolates himselve a lot, but McMurphy manages to get him back into our world. †¢nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The rest of the patients on the ward: The can mostly all be described as feeble minded. The cant stand up for themselves and try to avoid confrontations. Background to the story: The story was written in the beginning of the sixties, in the USA. It reflects the feeling of the youth at the time. They felt misunderstood by the adults and tried to change the system. The rebelled against authority of all forms. They wanted to think for themselves, instead of being directed towards the conformistic society. McMurphys battle stands as an example for the struggle against a dogmatic form of authority. Personal opinion: I liked the book for its cynical viewpoint on the mentally challenged. But I dont like the way it is narrated. It is very vague, offcourse it is told by a loon, but I would have liked it better if it were more clear. And I dont like McMurphy, as hes just too much an American stereotype... Why did you choose this book? Ive already read so many fragments,Show MoreRelatedOne Flew over the Cuckoos Nest: the Power of Laughter1592 Words   |  7 Pagesalso no longer capable of being in control of himself. This happens when a greater authority has the power to deny a person of their laughter; which, inevitably, denies him of his freedom. Ken Kesey conveys the idea that laughter and freedom go hand in hand throughout his novel One Flew Over The Cuckoos Nest. Kesey portrays laughter as a parallel to freedom through various literary symbols and imagery in order to illustrate how the power of laughter can free a man who is under the control of anRead MoreEssay on One Flew Over the Crucifix1969 Words   |  8 PagesWhile working as a night attendant on the psychiatric ward of Menlo Park Veterans Hospital, Ken Kesey was stricken with an idea that would later turn into his first novel. That novel, entitled One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest, went on to become his most famous work and a celebrated piece of modern American fiction (Lupack 566). One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest tells the story of a mental hospital which is running quite smoothly until a new patient enters the ward and sets chaos in motion. This newRead MoreMadness in One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest and Hamlet Essay example2151 Words   |  9 PagesThe issue of madness has been touched by many writers. In this paper I will focus on two important writings which deal directly with the mental illnesses. The first one is One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest by Ken Kesey first published in 1962. The second is Hamlet written by Shakespeare approximately in 1602. Ken Kesey worked nights in a mental institution in California and his novel has a lot of truth in it. He faced patients insanity every day and was confident that it was natural responseRead More Allen Ginsbergs Poetry and Psychiatry Essay2833 Words   |  12 Pagesfantastic book flung out of the tenement window and the last telephone slammed at the wall in reply and the last furnished room emptied down to the last piece of mental furniture. (Ginsberg 53) Desperate to get his mothers violent behavior under control, Allen Ginsberg, along with his brother, Eugene, consented to allow a lobotomy to be performed on their mother (Asher). Allen Ginsberg chronicled the experience of watching his mothers continued mental decline in his poem, Kaddish: One hand stiff—heaviness

Mice of Men Dreams of Commitment - 2273 Words

Of Mice and Mein The Dream of Commitment. Louis Owens The Eden myth looms large in Of Mice and Men (1937), the playnovella set along the Salinas River a few miles south of Soledad (Of Mice and Men, p. 1). And, as in all of Steinbecks Califomia fiction, setting plays a central role in determining the major themes of this work. The fact that the setting for OfMice and Men is a Califomia valley dictates, according to the symbolism of Steinbecks landscapes, that this story will take place in a fallen world and that the quest for the illusive and illusory American Eden will be of central thematic significance. In no other work does Steinbeck demonstrate greater skill in merging the real setting of his native country with the thematic†¦show more content†¦146 Critical Insights George and Lennie achieve all of this dream that is possible in the real world: they are their brothers keeper. Unlike the solitary Cain and the solitary men who inhabit the novel, they have someone who cares. The dream ofthe farm merely symbolizes their deep mutual commitment, a commitment that is immediately sensed by the other characters in the novel. The ranch owner is suspicious ofthe relationship, protesting, I never seen one guy take so much trouble for another guy. Slim, the godlike jerkline skinner, admires the relationship and says, Aint many guys travel around together I dont know why. Maybe everybody in the whole damn world is scared of each other. Candy, the onehanded swamper, and Crooks, the deformed black stablehand, also sense the unique commitment between the two laborers, and in their moment of unity Candy and Crooks tum as one to defend Lennie from the threat posed by Curleys wife. The influence of George and Lennies mutual commitment, and of their dream, has for a n instant made these crippled sons of Cain their brothers keepers and broken the grip of loneliness and solitude in which they exist. Lennies yeaming for the rabbits and for all soft, living things symbolizes the yeaming all men have for warm, living contact. It is this yeaming, described by Steinbeck as the inarticulate and powerftjl yeaming of allShow MoreRelated John Steinbecks Of Mice and Men Essay976 Words   |  4 PagesJohn Steinbecks â€Å"Of mice and men† Of Mice and Men is set along the Salinas River a few miles south of Soledad in the fallen world of the Salinas Valley, which Steinbeck places east of Eden the Promised Land is only a painful and illusory dream. This land is populated by sons of Cain, men doomed to walk alone. One of the major themes that comes from this is loneliness, or fear of apartness. One of the themes of Of Mice and Men is that men fear loneliness, that they need someone to beRead MoreEssay on Theme of Loneliness in John Steinbecks Of Mice and Men1136 Words   |  5 PagesThe Theme of Loneliness in Of Mice and Men      Ã‚  Ã‚   In the novel, Of Mice and Men John Steinbeck used George and Lennies relationship and the theme of hope to point out the loneliness in the novel. The novel starts off and is set in Soledad which means lonely. At the beginning they get a job working on a farm together. Lennie is a little retarded and has great physical strength that isnt too controllable. As they work from ranch to ranch, Lennie relies on George for guidance and help. RatherRead MoreOf Mice and Men2269 Words   |  10 PagesOf Mice and Men John Steinbeck World Literature Mrs. Finke December 7, 2012 Of Mice and Men: A Classic for the Ages Thesis: Despite some impurity Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck should be considered as a classic due to its honesty, truth, loveliness, justice and of good report. I. Introduction II. Impurity A. Swearing B. Violence C. Economic poverty D. Psychological corruption III. Honesty A. Steinbeck’sRead More Truths Exposed in John Steinbecks Of Mice and Men Essay1045 Words   |  5 PagesTruths Exposed in Of Mice and Men  Ã‚        Ã‚   John Steinbecks timeless novel Of Mice and Men is a somewhat controversial story of the hardships of life. To illustrate these hardships, Steinbeck takes the reader back to an era of bankruptcies, migrant workers, and drifters. Today, this time, the 1930s, is branded the Great Depression. The quest of George and Lennie, two migrant workers, is an example of the dilemma of thousands of homeless and unemployed men in America during the Great DepressionRead Morehow are characters presented in of mice and men832 Words   |  4 PagesLennie Although Lennie is among the principal characters in Of Mice and Men, he is perhaps the least dynamic. He undergoes no significant changes, development, or growth throughout the story and remains exactly as the reader encounters him in the opening pages. Simply put, he loves to pet soft things, is blindly devoted to George and their vision of the farm, and possesses incredible physical strength. Nearly every scene in which Lennie appears confirms these and only these characteristics. AlthoughRead MoreEssay on Social Outcasts in John Stienbeck ´s Of Mice and Men731 Words   |  3 PagesIn the novel, Of Mice and Men, Candy, Lennie, Crooks, and Curlys wife are all seen as four social outcasts as they each relate to a specific group in American Society. After reading Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck and looking at these characters you can see that they are all social outcasts in someway. In Of Mice and Men the character Candy is an old ranch worker. Candy has been working on otheres farms for years, while working on one of these farms he lost one of his hands in a farm accidentRead MoreThe Secret Life Of Walter Mitty, War Dance, And The Book Of Mice And Men1146 Words   |  5 Pagesthe movies The Secret Life of Walter Mitty, War Dance, and the book Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck, the characters find encouragement to go after their dreams. [C] Those characters were inspired to surpass expectations people had for them and achieve the great. [D] Encouragement brought those characters to achieve their hopes, dreams, and goals because it pushed them out of their comfortzones, made them develop commitment to their goals, and create a plan for the future. [E] Walter MittyRead MoreThe Pursuit of the American Dream in John Steinbecks Of Mice and Men1967 Words   |  8 PagesOf Mice and Men is a short novel about the story of two migrant workers who are best friends during the Great Depression (Goldhurst 49). The setting is the Salinas Valley in California, and the majority of the characters are unskilled migratory workers who do what their name implies. They travel from towns and ranches and farms looking for work and eventually move on to find another job. John Steinbeck puts the spotlight on two migratory workers who dream to finally settle down by saving money toRead MoreAnalysis Of John Steinbeck s Of Mice And Men 1367 Words   |  6 Pagesacknowledge its worth. Living life with whom a person loves greatly increases happiness and trust between those in the relationship. But this unity may come at a cost; true friendship requires sacrifice. Friendship and loyalty in the novella, Of Mice and Men, by expression through John Stei nbeck’s interpretation, brings greater understanding to their importance of each. Loyalty, protecting and standing by someone who a person respects or loves, as Lennie and George illustrate. Loyalty does involveRead MoreSummary Of Of Mice And Men Essay2240 Words   |  9 PagesQueenie Lau Mrs. Moskovitz English IH- Period 5 20 May 2016 Of Mice and Men Ap Book Report 1. Title of Work: Of Mice and Men 2. Author and Date Written: The book â€Å"Of Mice and Men† was written in 1937 by John Steinbeck, which was during the Great Depression in the 1930s. The Great Depression caused many to lose their jobs and their homes in a short period of time. Few were rich during this time and those who had no money starved. Approximately 25% of people during the Great Depression had no jobs

Job Satisfaction Among The Faculty Members Education Essay Free Essays

It is difficult fact that the quality of instruction in any state depends upon the quality of the instructors. A high quality learning staff is the basis of a successful educational system. Attracting and retaining high quality instructors is a primary necessity for instruction in any state. We will write a custom essay sample on Job Satisfaction Among The Faculty Members Education Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now One measure in developing a high quality module is to understand the factors associated with learning quality and keeping. One of these factors is occupation satisfaction, which has been studied widely by organisational research workers and has been linked to organisational committedness every bit good as to organisational public presentation. Job satisfaction is a complex variable and is influenced by situational factors of the occupation every bit good as the dispositional features of the person. It clearly shows that there are figure of factors which affect occupation satisfaction of module members. Though tonss of surveies has been done on the subject occupation satisfaction but still some work demand to be done, which is completed by this paper. The chief purpose of this paper is as to roll up all the factors impacting occupation satisfaction under one umbrella. This paper helps research bookmans to place some more factors which affect or may impact occupation satisfaction. Cardinal words: Job satisfaction, Recognition and Appreciation, Physical environment, Opportunities for publicity, Leadership manner. Introduction Job Satisfaction comprises of two words â€Å" Job † and â€Å" Satisfaction † .A Before we define the phrase, it is of import to understand the word â€Å" satisfaction † . Satisfaction is defined as the fulfilment or satisfaction of a desire, demand, or appetite. Gratification is a province of being gratified or satisfied. Therefore, one can reason that â€Å" satisfaction † is an internal feeling and no sum of external pleasances or amenitiess can fulfill you unless you want â€Å" to experience † satisfied.A The term ‘Job Satisfaction ‘ , nevertheless, deficiencies adequate definition ( Herzberg et al. 1957 ) every bit good as a satisfactory theory about its significance. The difference in a wide spectrum of positions seems to be caused foremost by the assorted nature of occupations that persons perform ; secondly the effort to gestate occupation satisfaction in a assortment of ways by different subjects like Psychology, Sociology, Education and Management, etc. , and eventually, the assortment of methods employed by assorted research workers to analyze occupation satisfaction. In simple footings, the realisation of workers ‘ physical and psychological outlooks constitutes occupation satisfaction. An single joins an organisation with certain outlooks and when these outlooks come true the single becomes pleased with his/ her organisation and his/her occupation, and this increases his/her efficiency and public presentation ( Nelson A ; Quick, 1995 ) . However, when these outlooks do non run into with work conditions, occupation satisfaction does non happen, and as a consequence ; the worker loses public presentation and efficiency and might even undermine the occupation or discontinue it. It is of import to forestall workers from experiencing disappointed and maximise their efficiency and public presentation by placing and modulating the factors that affect occupation satisfaction ( Noe, et Al. 1997 ) . Job satisfaction or dissatisfaction is the consequence of assorted attitudes, the individual holds towards his occupation, towards the related factors and towards life in general. Job satisfaction is reflected in the attitudes people hold towards their occupations, positive attitude towards the occupation connote satisfaction with it and negative attitudes towards it connote dissatisfaction with it. Therefore occupation satisfaction is the terminal province in feeling, attach toing the attainment by an urge of its aim. Job satisfaction is related to human demands and their fulfilment through work. In fact, occupation satisfaction is generated by the person ‘s perceptual experience of how good his occupation on the whole is fulfilling his assorted demands. The demand for satisfaction and satisfaction is a uninterrupted procedure. Job satisfaction at a point of clip depends upon the workers aspiration degree and grade of dissatisfaction he gets from his occupation. If the work state of affairs fulfills the desires of the employees, it is to be expected that their attitude be given to be favourable. In bend defeat ensuing from such desires, tends to bring forth unfavourable attitudes and perchance by a kind of concatenation reaction, ill will, hapless occupation public presentation, attending jobs, high turnover and other unwanted side effects. Harmonizing to Kochan ( 1978 ) , Job Satisfaction is the whole matrix of occupation factors that make a individual like his work state of affairs and is willing to caput for it without antipathy at the beginning of his work twenty-four hours. This means that Job satisfaction includes two facets: Life and basking the occupation and Traveling to one ‘s occupation with caput erect and smilings. Therefore Job satisfaction is a combination of psychological, physiological and environmental fortunes that cause a individual truthfully to state, â€Å" I am satisfied with my occupation † . Thus occupation satisfaction is a favourableness with which employees views their work. Importance of Job Satisfaction Job satisfaction has been the centre of the concentration for research workers over three decennaries. The grounds for such concentration are manifolds: To the worker 1. Job satisfaction brings a enjoyable emotional province that can frequently leads to a positive work attitude. 2. A satisfied worker is more likely to be originative, flexible, advanced, and loyal. 3. A satisfied worker is more committed towards his organisation. 4. It improves their quality of life. 5. It improves their physical and mental wellness. For the organisation 1. It improves the quality of work. 2. It improves the measure of production. 3. It improves the good will of the organisation. 4. It reduces the enlisting and preparation cost. 5. It creates peaceable working environment. 6. It attracts good endowment from exterior. Therefore, it is really of import for the organisation ‘s to do all the attempts to do their employees satisfied otherwise effects can be really bad. Following header explain the effects of low occupation satisfaction. Effectss of low Job Satisfaction High Absenteeism Absenteeism means it is a accustomed form of absence from responsibility or duty. When the employees are non satisfied from their work or organisation so they often remain more absent, which indicates non proper use of organisational resources. It is non good for the organisation hereafter and success. High low low High Job satisfact ion Rate of turnover and absences A Bacillus Fig.no. 1 Curve demoing relationship between occupation satisfaction and rate of turnover and absenteeism. In the above diagram line AB shows inverse relationship between occupation satisfaction and rate of turnover and rate of absenteeism. As the occupation satisfaction is high the rates of both turnover and absenteeism is low and vise a versa. 2. High Employee turnover In human resource, Turnover refers to the rate at which an employer additions and losingss the staff. When the employees are non satisfied so they are more willing to discontinue the occupation and want to fall in another organisation. If the employer is said to be hold a high turnover rate of employees, so that company will hold shorter term of office than those of other companies. 3. It increases enlisting and preparation cost additions As employees leave organisation due to miss of occupation satisfaction so Human resource director has to enroll new employees which increases the enlisting and preparation outgo of the company. 4. Low Productiveness If the employee is non satisfied with his/her occupation so his/her productiveness lessenings and vice-versa. 5. Poor quality of work If the employee is non satisfied with his/her occupation so his/her productiveness decreases every bit good as he will non make bring forth merchandises of good quality. 6. It ruins the Goodwill of the organisation. Low satisfaction forces the employees to discontinue and fall in new occupation. It ruins organisations good will. 7. It ruins physical and mental wellness of people. Dissatisfaction with one time occupation may hold particularly volatile spillover effects on many other things such as household life, leisure activities etc. Many unsolved personality jobs and maladjustments originate out of individual inability to happen satisfaction in his work. Both scientific survey and insouciant observation provide ample grounds that occupation satisfaction is of import for the psychological accommodation and happy life of single. Factors impacting Job satisfaction As the clip changes the new factors impacting occupation Satisfaction are besides increasing at a high gait. Following are the factors which affect the occupation satisfaction of module members at changing grade. 1. Pay One of the most of import intents to make a occupation is to gain money because it is money merely through which needs, demands can be fulfilled. If one gets a fine-looking wage by which one can afford the life may do occupation satisfaction. But if the wage can non bear 1s expenditure so one can non be satisfied with the wage. Findingss from several surveies underline wage as one of the most of import factors act uponing one ‘s degree of occupation satisfaction. In a survey conducted by Herzberg ( 1959 ) , employees who are dissatisfied with their wage, is likely that they are besides dissatisfied with their work. Sometimes it has besides been found out that other occupation related factors are non satisfactory but wage is good, in these sort of state of affairss employees are willing to function the organisations merely because of good wage, which does n’t accommodate the profession of a instructor. 2. Appellation It means appellation like lector, Senior Lecturer, Asst Professor, etc. Designation besides affects occupation satisfaction. If one is holds a rank harmonizing to his/her making, experience so it gives them satisfaction and vice-versa. 3. Recognition A ; Appreciation It is human nature whatever we did we want shot for it, which gives us satisfaction. The same thing is applicable for instructors excessively. If they did some good work they want acknowledgment and grasp for the same. In a survey that was carried out in 23 Rumanian organisations, acknowledgment and grasp were found to be actuating factors responsible for increased effectivity of employees at work and their high degrees of occupation satisfaction ( Farhad Analoui, 1999 ) . When people are non recognized and appreciated they lose their willingness, involvement from work which reduces the quality of their work. Therefore, employees should be recognized and appreciated for their good work. 4. Opportunity for Promotion Promotion means the opportunities for promotion in hierarchy. Everyone wants to win and wants to travel upwards in his/her calling ladder. Employee perceptual experiences about chance for publicity are besides another determiner that influences occupation satisfaction. When chance for publicity is available than it gives satisfaction to the employees and vice-versa. One study found that a sensed deficiency of publicity chances was the strongest ground why federal employees left authorities service ( U.S. Merit Systems Protection Board 1987 ) . 5. Interpersonal Relationships Man is a societal animate being. She/he can non populate entirely they want company of others to pass clip, to bask life, to portion feelings. She/he wants good relationship with their supervisor, co-workers, colleagues and with everyone. Some surveies have shown that the better the relationship, between fellow workers and between workers and their immediate foreman, the greater the degree of occupation satisfaction ( Arne L. Kalleberg and Loscocco, 1983 ) . 6. Demographic Factors Surveies have shown that age, gender have of import effects on occupation satisfaction. a ) Age Age besides play an of import in impacting occupation satisfaction. In the earlier surveies conducted by Kalleberg and Loscocco, ( 1983 ) older workers were more satisfied than younger workers. But in present scenario it is seen that older employees are less satisfied in comparing to immature employees. It is because with the addition in the age and experience outlooks of senior module members are besides increasing. If they are non met it causes dissatisfaction. B ) Gender The bulk of surveies that focus on module satisfaction have explored the relationship between satisfaction and gender. Most of these surveies have found that male module members have higher degrees of overall occupation satisfaction than female module members, peculiarly in footings of benefits and salary received ( Bilimoria et al. , 2006 ; Callister, 2006 ; Hult et al. , 2005 ; Olsen et al. , 1995 ; Settles et al. , 2006 ; Tack A ; Patitu, 1992 ) . On the other manus, Ward and Sloane ( 2000 ) did non happen any important differences between male and female module members in overall degrees of occupation satisfaction. They did detect, nevertheless, that male module members had about three times the satisfaction degrees of female module members when it comes to promotion chances. Okpara et Al. ( 2005 ) and Oshagbemi ( 1997 ) found that female module members in higher academic ranks expressed more satisfaction with their occupations than their male equals. degree Celsius ) Marital Status and Children Marital position and kids can besides impact module satisfaction. The consequences of surveies that explore the relationship between matrimony and module occupation satisfaction have yielded assorted consequences. On the one manus, matrimony has been shown to increase satisfaction degrees for module members ( Cetin, 2006 ; Hagedorn, 2000 ; Leung, Siu, A ; Spector, 2000 ) . Yet, some surveies have shown that matrimony can hold a negative impact on module occupation satisfaction ( Aisenberg A ; Harrington, 1988 ; Bryson, Bryson, A ; Johnson, 1978 ) . Additionally, the presence of kids in the family has been found to impact occupation satisfaction. Carr and Ash ( 1998, p. 536 ) found that â€Å" adult females with kids published less, had slower self-perceived calling advancement, and were less satisfied with their callings than were work forces with kids. † 7. Engagement in determination devising The degree of satisfaction besides depends upon the sort of engagement in determination doing procedure of organisation. If determination devising procedure is participative so employees are satisfied and vice-versa. 8. Support in research work. A instructor can be successful merely when he carries both undertaking together i.e. Teaching to the pupils and his research work. He can non make his research work successfully until and unless support is given by the college. If support is available from the college so it gives satisfaction to him/her. Furthermore, his research work brings celebrity to the college besides. 9. Support in Teaching The hereafter of the state is in the custodies of instructor. If the proper clip for talk readying, clip to maintain update about the current personal businesss is non given to the instructors so they can non give fruitful talks, which at the same clip botch the clip of both instructor every bit good as pupils. This sort bringing of talks does non give them satisfaction. In order to give good talks proper clip should be given to the instructors which in return give them occupation satisfaction. Therefore, the organisations are required to supply sufficient burden to the instructors which helps them in keeping balance between different plants. 10. Support for higher surveies. So many module members want to travel for higher surveies while staying in the occupation. They can accomplish their dream merely when college supports them and motivates them. If support is available from college side it provides satisfaction to employees and vive-versa. 11. Equal Opportunities Working Environment Other factors that affect one ‘s degrees of occupation satisfaction appear to be related to ethical issues and single differences. Workers prefer an equal chances environment where they will be respected in footings of their race, faith, gender, educational background, physical disablement etc. An environment as such encourages workers to experience equal among them and contributes to occupation satisfaction ( Finchham A ; Rhodes, 1994 ) 12. Opportunity to Use One ‘s Abilities God bestowed everyone with some abilities. At the same clip everyone wants to utilize his/her ability. If one is non given the chance to utilize his/her ability than one can non acquire satisfaction out of his occupation because he is wholly working under the direction of others. In simple words, employees by and large need and wish occupations that make usage of their abilities. ( National Commission on the State and Local Public Service, 1993 ) 13. Physical Environment Physical environment covers substructure of the edifice, category suites, furniture and other inside, instructors room, lavatories, specially, female instructors lavatories, computing machine installations, telephone, facsimile, communicating and location of the College, transit installation, etc. Physical environment is straight linked with occupation satisfaction. If one ‘s get favourable physical environment he or she may be satisfied with the occupation. Opposite is true that unfavourable working environment creates dissatisfaction. 14. Academic making Academic making is the criterion of one ‘s academic background. Such making is asked for using any occupation. Geting occupation as per one ‘s academic making will fulfill him or her, on the other manus if some one ‘s occupation is inferior to his or her academic making brings dissatisfaction to him or her. So there is a direct relationship between occupation satisfaction and academic making. 15. Leadership manner The sort of leading manner the employee gets besides affects his satisfaction. Head instructors who adopt individualistic manners of leading, for illustration may be considered to exercise really small influence on the college. Bigotry of the caput instructor or torment in the name of supervising by the senior instructors many clip cause dissatisfaction. Participative manner of leading is the best which provides satisfaction to workers. 16. Handiness of foliages for go toing Seminars, Conferences and FDPs. In order to be successful in his/her academic calling one demand to go to figure of seminars, conferences, Faculty Development Programs, Workshops, etc. In order to go to it one needs to take leave from college. If leave is available to go to them than it gives satisfaction to the module members and vice-versa. 17. Policy and Administration The policy and disposal of college besides influence the satisfaction. If policies are just and every bit applicable to all so it gives satisfaction and vice-versa. At the same clip if disposal is active in taking action so it gives satisfaction and vice-versa. 18. Handiness of different sorts of leave In every organisation different sort of leave are available like insouciant leave, medical leave, survey leave, Maternity leave, etc. If there is transparence in the handiness of leave so it gives satisfaction to faculty members and vice-versa. 19. Work itself It includes the extent to which the occupation provides the person with interesting undertakings, chances for acquisition, and the opportunity to accept duty. If these things are available so it causes satisfaction and vice-versa. 20. Quality of pupils Another really of import factor which affects the satisfaction of instructors is the sort of pupils available for learning. If the pupils are really dull and do non inquire any cross inquiry that it creates dissatisfaction among the module members and if the pupils are of good I.Q and inquire good inquiries from instructors than it gives satisfaction among the instructors as good do the category interactive and interesting. 21. Feedback and its communicating If the feedback is given to the module members from clip to clip so it is easy for them to rectify it and do them better instructor and gives them satisfaction. Furthermore it is every bit of import how their feedback is communicated. If the feedback is positive so it must be appreciated in forepart of others and if it is negative it must be communicated personally so that the person should non experience humiliated. If it happens so the individual is non satisfied from his/her occupation. 22. Handiness of clip to rede the pupils. It is the moral responsibility of the instructors to supply full satisfaction to its pupils by assisting them and work outing their questions to the Fuller extent. If clip is non available to the instructors to work out the pupil ‘s questions due to talk burden or due to some other college duty so it causes dissatisfaction among them and botch their image excessively and vice-versa. 23. Working Hourss Today ‘s coevals before taking occupation gives equal focal point on working hours excessively. If on the job hours are excessively long than personal life disturbs which in return affect professional life excessively. The same thing is applicable in faculty members excessively. If on the job hours are excessively long than instructors do non hold the clip for their household every bit good as to fix following twenty-four hours talk which reduces their satisfaction degree. 24. Freedom to take methods of learning It means the chance to utilize ain methods of instructions. If instructors are bound to learn the pupils in a peculiar manner like through Projector, OHP, etc so they are non satisfied because everyone wants to utilize his/her ain method to learn the pupils and frailty versa. 25. Flexibility Today ‘s clip, demand and outlooks of people has alterations a batch. Now people want flexibleness in their working form. It means now instructors want when they have their scheduled talk they come to the college and deliver and leave every bit shortly as it gets over and after finishing their other work. If such sort of installation is available so it causes satisfaction to them and vice-versa. 26. Culture It is the civilization merely which distinguish the one organisation from other. It is besides fact that civilization of the organisation plays a really of import function in act uponing the occupation satisfaction of workers. Organizational civilization here it means college civilization. Organizational civilization is the societal gum that binds members of the organisation together. The relationship between superior and low-level, determination devising, deputation of authorization, types of leading, and bureaucratic power are portion of organisational civilization. Job satisfaction is related to these standards. If all these things are impersonal or positive so it gives satisfaction to employees or vice-versa. 27. Library installations In order to learn rich content a teacher demand to confer with good figure to books. The teacher satisfaction degree besides depends upon how much book installation is given to them from the college side. If instructors are given full freedom to entree any figure of books, diaries so their satisfaction degree will be higher and vice-versa. 28. Social position The sort the societal position your college will supply besides affects the satisfaction degree of instructors. If one is working in a really reputed college so his satisfaction will be higher in comparing to others. 29. Personal Life It has direct nexus with occupation satisfaction. If a individual is happy and satisfied in his personal life than he enjoys making his occupation excessively which gives his occupation satisfaction. 30. Transportation system installations If the transit installation is available to the instructors so it gives them satisfaction and frailty versa. 31. Job Security Job security means keeping a occupation that provides a safe hereafter. Everyone wants security of his/her occupation. If one is secure about his hereafter than it is easy for him/her to concentrate on his/her occupation good, which in return give them satisfaction. Ashford et al. , ( 1989 ) examined the impact of occupation insecurity on organizational committedness and occupation satisfaction and found that occupation insecurity is leads to cut down satisfaction and committedness. There is besides grounds were occupation insecurity reduces occupation public presentation ( Rosow A ; Zager, 1985 ) . Decision From the above informations it can be concluded that there are figure of factors which causes satisfaction and dissatisfaction to faculty members. But there is no standard factor which affect all at the same time. Their impact is changing from individual to individual. It happens that the factor which causes dissatisfaction to one may do satisfaction to other or does non impact him at all. At the same clip these factors are non limited. There can be more factors which open more avenues research. How to cite Job Satisfaction Among The Faculty Members Education Essay, Essay examples

Should students be allowed to eat during class free essay sample

Imagine a classroom filled with students who are all eating their favourite foods. There are candy wrappers and potato chip bags littering the desks and the floor. Students should not be allowed to during class because you are disrespecting the students of the class. In spite of that, eating in class could possibly a life death situation for some people. Firstly, and most importantly students should not eat in class because students with peanut or any other food allergy could possibly be at risk of a serious allergy reaction or attack. No student would want to accidentally kill someone else because he or she was eating a snack in class. Peanut allergies are one of the most known causes of food related deaths around the world. However, Dr. Christakis writes in the BMJ that only about 150 people die each year from all food allergies combined and only one percent of the U. We will write a custom essay sample on Should students be allowed to eat during class or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page S. population has a peanut allergy. Even though it’s not good to eat in class, there are situations where it is acceptable like for example, if a student is diabetic, and the student is having a hypo (which is when their sugar is too low), in this situation he or she has to eat or drink something with sugar or else he or she could lose unconscious. In addition, teachers who allow should tell the students if they have someone in the classroom with any food allergies so they can make sure that no one brings food that could harm or kill the student with the allergic reaction. Also another reason why students should not eat during class is that it is very disruptive for everybody who wants to learn. If someone starts eating a bag of chips, it is going to make a lot of noise and it is going to distract the students who actually want to listen to the teacher and learn. It is also going to distract you because you are not paying attention because you are focused on what you are eating. However, some people would argue that students should be allowed to eat in class, though it’s rude to eat while the teacher is talking, teachers could students to eat a small snack that does make a lot of noise or disrupt the class in anyway. Statistics show that students who have not eaten breakfast  tend to get grumpy and lose focus very quickly because their bodies need food to function properly. Approximately 8 to 12 percent of all school aged kids skip breakfast, and by the time kids enter adolescence, as many as 20 to 30 percent of them have completely given up on the morning meal. A study from the University of Pennsylvania school of Nursing showed that students who regularly eat breakfast get significantly higher scores in verbal and performance IQ tests. A study from the Diary Research Institute found that students who skip breakfast tend to weigh more and have more unhealthy habits than those who eat breakfast. Those who skip breakfast consume 40 percent more sweets, 55 percent more soft drinks, 45 percent fewer vegetables and 30 percent less fruits than students who eat breakfast. Students who haven’t eaten breakfast should be allowed to eat a snack during class so they can get some energy to wake up and be able to do their work properly. To conclude, I believe that students should not be allowed to eat during class because it could be the smallest distraction or it could lead to killing someone.